Nina Filip is an associate professor of biochemistry in the Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Iasi. Representative areas of her research are the role of homocysteine in pathology, oxidative stress, and the implications of biogenic amines in human pathology. Rigorous academic training and passion for research have been the basis for the development of a successful academic career.
Cysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid, is vital in preserving the redox potential of cells and is a crucial component of the antioxidant molecule glutathione. Cysteine is involved in numerous vital functions in the body and has been linked to several medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, diabetes, cancer, and kidney dysfunction. The objective of this book is to provide a comprehensive summary of the most recent insights on cysteine metabolism and its significance in different pathological conditions.
Go to the bookReactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signaling molecules that play an important role in the progression of inflammatory disorders. In the last decade, studies have indicated that ROS, including superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, are crucial components that regulate the differentiation process of osteoclasts. Osteoclasts (OCs), cells specialized for bone resorption, utilize ROS as second messengers during receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced differentiation and activation. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the current understanding of reactive oxygen species involvement in bone pathophysiology.
Part of the book: Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Living Cells
Part of the book: Non-Proteinogenic Amino Acids
Both cysteine and homocysteine are sulfur-containing amino acids with distinct roles in cellular processes. This chapter explores novel perspectives on the roles of cysteine and homocysteine in pathological processes, delving into their intricate involvement in various disease pathways. Additionally, the chapter elucidates the regulatory mechanisms governing homocysteine metabolism and its implications for a range of pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. By synthesizing recent research findings, this chapter aims to provide fresh insights into the nuanced interplay among cysteine, homocysteine, and disease progression. The exploration of these sulfur-containing amino acids opens avenues for understanding pathophysiological mechanisms and suggests potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
Part of the book: Cysteine
Cysteine and homocysteine are sulfur-containing amino acids that play significant roles in various biological processes. While cysteine is a building block of proteins and a precursor to important biomolecules, homocysteine is a metabolic intermediate that can impact health when present in elevated levels. The metabolism of cysteine and homocysteine is tightly regulated and interconnected. Adequate levels of vitamins B6, B12, and folate are essential for the proper functioning of the metabolic pathways involved in their synthesis and conversion. Elevated homocysteine levels are a biomarker for various diseases, and managing these levels is crucial for preventing associated health risks. Cysteine and homocysteine are vital sulfur-containing amino acids with significant roles in human health. Understanding their metabolism and regulation is crucial for maintaining health and preventing diseases. Therapeutic interventions focusing on dietary and lifestyle modifications can effectively manage abnormal levels of these amino acids, contributing to overall well-being.
Part of the book: Cysteine